PRP la gi?
PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma - Huyet tuong giau tieu cau) la mot che pham huyet tuong co dac duoc tao ra tu mau cua chinh benh nhan bang ky thuat vo trung, tach hong cau va bach cau de thu duoc huyet tuong co dac giau tieu cau va cac yeu to tang truong.
PRP chua nhieu yeu to tang truong khac nhau, bao gom yeu to tang truong co nguon goc tieu cau (PDGF), yeu to tang truong chuyen dang beta (TGF-β), yeu to tang truong giong insulin (IGF), yeu to tang truong bieu bi (EGF) va yeu to tang truong noi mo mach mau (VEGF). Cac yeu to tang truong nay thuc day sua chua va tai tao cac loai mo khac nhau, la mot trong nhung lieu phap co trien vong nhat trong y hoc tai tao.
Thach thuc cua viem xuong khop goi
Viem xuong khop goi la benh thoai hoa do nhieu yeu to gay ton thuong va bong troc sun khop goi, voi trieu chung chinh la dau khop. Hien nay, Trung Quoc co hon 100 trieu benh nhan viem xuong khop goi, phai chiu dau don va cung khop thuong xuyen, voi ty le tan phe cao.
Cac mo trong khop goi thieu nguon cung cap mau. Theo tuoi tac, ton thuong sun khop ngay cang nang, va sun khop bi ton thuong bong troc khong the tai tao. Khi khong co sun bao ve, xuong truc tiep co sat va va cham vao nhau khi co duoi va di bo. Vi mang xuong va mang hoat dich xung quanh co nhieu day than kinh, nen gay ra trieu chung dau dang ke.
Co che tac dong cua PRP trong dieu tri khop goi
- Kich thich tiet acid hyaluronic noi sinh: PRP kich thich te bao mang hoat dich tiet acid hyaluronic noi sinh, giam dau khop.
- Thuc day sua chua sun chem: Khi sun chem bi ton thuong thoai hoa, PRP tac dong len te bao sun chem giup nang cao kha nang song cua sun chem va thuc day sua chua.
- Sua chua sun khop: PRP thuc day tang sinh te bao sun khop goi va tiet chat nen ngoai bao (chiem 90% thanh phan sun khop), tu do sua chua sun khop bi ton thuong. Ngoai ra, co the dieu hoa cac chat trung gian viem trong khop de dat hieu qua khang viem va giam dau.
Quy trinh dieu tri
- Lay mau: Rut khoang 30cc mau tu tinh mach, dam bao ky thuat vo trung
- Ly tam phan tach: Su dung may ly tam quay mau o toc do thich hop de phan tach tieu cau va cac yeu to thuc day tang truong mo, thu duoc huyet tuong giau tieu cau o nong do phu hop
- Tiem chinh xac: Bac si tiem tieu cau co dac vao vi tri bi thuong, viem hoac thoai hoa de giup giam dau va thuc day phuc hoi
Luu y sau dieu tri
Trong 48 gio dau sau khi tiem PRP, vi tri tiem co the bi dau va cang. Khuyen nghi chuom lanh de giam dau. Neu dau tang, co the dung acetaminophen. Tuyet doi cam su dung thuoc khang viem NSAIDs va corticosteroid, vi chung co the lam giam hieu qua cua tieu cau co dac. Ngoai ra, neu vi tri tiem co dau, sung, do, nong, nen di kham ngay.
Chong chi dinh
Cac nhom benh nhan sau khong nen su dung dieu tri PRP:
- Benh nhan co benh hoac bat thuong tieu cau
- Benh nhan bi nhiem trung mau
- Benh nhan dang sot
- Benh nhan co nhiem trung tai cho o vi tri chan thuong
- Benh nhan co tien su ung thu, dac biet la ung thu mau va ung thu xuong
Cac tinh trang sau can than trong hoac theo chi dinh cua bac si dieu tri:
- Benh nhan da tiem corticosteroid tai vung dieu tri trong vong mot thang qua
- Benh nhan co tien su benh tu mien
- Phu nu mang thai va dang cho con bu
- Benh nhan mac cac benh xuat huyet (nhu ban xuat huyet di ung, benh ua chay mau, ban xuat huyet giam tieu cau nguyen phat), benh bach cau va nhiem trung huyet
Noi dung nay chi mang tinh chat thong tin. Vui long tham kho y kien bac si chuyen khoa cho ke hoach dieu tri cu the.